社区人群抑郁障碍早期心理干预效果随访

Effect Evaluation of Early Psycho-intervention in Community Patients with Depression Disorders

目的探索心理教育对社区抑郁障碍患者及高危人群的近期效果。方法干预对象为社区抑郁障碍患者12例及阈下抑郁者40例。干预形式包括发放健康教育手册及讲座形式,内容包括抑郁障碍知识及认知行为治疗取向的心理教育。结果干预后抑郁障碍知晓率显著提高,熟悉率由7.5%升至30.5%(χ2=11.80,P=0.00)。干预后汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)总分及应对方式消极应对分均显著降低(t=2.01,P=0.05;t=2.28,P=0.03)。女性汉密尔顿抑郁(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑(HAMA)减分值均显著高于男性(P分别为0.01、0.00),内向者HAMD减分值亦显著低于性格外向及一般者(F=3.38,P=0.04),女性特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)消极应对分减分值亦显著高于男性(F=9.77,P=0.00)。年龄与HAMD减分值呈显著负相关(r=-0.27,P=0.05)。干预1年后随访,HAMD、HAMA总分均显著低于基线(t=3.82,2.97;P<0.01)。结论心理教育能提高社区抑郁症患者及高危人群抑郁症知晓率,改善抑郁症状及应对方式,女性改善较佳。

Objective To explore the effects of psycho-education in community patients with depression disorder and residents with high-risk on depressive disorder. Methods Intervening objects： 12 patients with depression disorder and 40 residents with sub-threshold depression in community. Intervening forms：Distribution of health education manuals and lectures, which included knowledge on depression disorder and psycho-education cognitive-behavioral therapy-oriented. Results After the interventions,the awareness rate on depression disorder significantly increased from 7. 50%to 30. 5% （X^2= 11.80,P = 0. 00）;The total scores of HAMD,HAMA and the passive coping style scores of TCSQ on female were significantly decreased（t= 2.01,P= 0.05 ;t= 2.28 ,P = 0.03;F = 9.77,P = 0. 00）than male;The decline of total scores of HAMD on introverts were significantly less （F = 3.38, P = 0. 04 ）than others;A significantly negative correlation was found between age and the decline of total scores of HAMD （r =-0.27,P = 0.05）. 1 year after the interventions,the total scores of HAMD and HAMA were significantly decreased than baseline（t= 3.82, 2.97;P^0.01）. Conclusion Psycho education can increase the awareness rate on depression disorder in community patients with depression disorder and residents with high-risk on depression disorder, and improve their depression symptom and coping style, fe- males improved more better, which should be demonstrate by research with more sample.