比照集团行为及其历史影像——兼论西方文明在殖民地国家软实力的确立

Contrast Group Behavior and Its Historical Images-Discussion on the Establishment of the Western Civilization's Soft Power in its Colonies

西方国家对殖民地的统治不仅依靠强大的军事力量和行政体制,还要发展强大的文化力量,使被统治的民族和国家对西方国家产生强烈的认同感。比照集团行为是在殖民地产生的以西方文化为荣、向往和追求西方社会的行为方式和社会现象。西方人把自身作为"文明"的参照物,把殖民地作为野蛮落后的对象,形成比照集团行为天然的认同秩序。西方国家运用制度和政治权力塑造比照集团行为,并注重通过非官方的社会化制度,制造出宗主国和殖民地之间文化鸿沟的假象,使殖民地民众形成强烈的文化自卑情结和以西方为荣的意识结构。

The western countries ruled colonies depending on not only the military power and administrative system, but also powerful cultural force, which gives the western countries have a strong sense of identity and attractive look in the eyes of the colonies. Contrast group behavior is the behavior and social phenomena in the colonies, which sees the western culture as the glorious subject to be desired and pursued. Westerners thought themselves as a 'civilized' reference, and took the colonies as barbaric and backward objects, thus forming a natural order of identity in contrast group behavior. The western countries used institutional and political power to shape contrast group behavior, and pay attention to create an imaginary cultural gap between the suzerain and colonies through unofficial socializing system. The result is that people of the colonies form a strong cultural inferiority complex and a consciousness structure that worships the West.