自闭症儿童亲子依恋关系研究:观点、问题及发展趋势

On the Attachment between Children with Autism and Their Parents:Views,Problems,and Trends

研究表明部分自闭症儿童可以形成安全型依恋,但是安全型依恋自闭症儿童的比例要小于普通儿童或其他非自闭症的特殊儿童。自闭症儿童的依恋安全性受到症状严重程度、心智发展水平、年龄发展、母亲敏感性的影响。在自闭症儿童依恋研究中,目前有研究手段和被试选择的局限性问题,需要慎重对待相关结论。未来研究应该着重于探讨自闭症儿童依恋发展的机制,以及如何帮助自闭症儿童的父母建立与孩子的亲子依恋。

Research has shown that some children with autism are able to form secure attachment, but the proportion of secure attachment in children with autism is smaller than that in normal children or children with special needs other than autism. Factors that affect the formation of secure attachment in children with autism include the severity of the disorder, mental development, chronological age, and maternal sensitivity. The study of attachment in children with autism shows limitations in research methods and comparison samples, which brings caution about the research findings. Future research should focus on exploring the development mechanism of attachment in children with autism and translating research into practice in educating and assisting parents of children with autism to form attachment to their children.