内外源性注意对数学学优生与学困生数字加工影响的眼动研究

An Eye Movement Research into the Effect of Endogenous and Exogenous Attention on Number Processing by Students with High and Low Math Test Proficiency

研究应用EyelinkⅡ眼动仪,选取39名数学学优生和学困生为被试,采用Posner的内源性和外源性线索实验范式,材料为1～9的阿拉伯数字(不包括5),以判断目标数字是否大于5为任务,考察内源性和外源性注意对数学优困生数字加工的影响,结果发现:(1)内源性和外源性注意条件下,数学学优生在数字比较任务中的行为反应时、凝视时间和眼跳距离均显著短于学困生;(2)内源性有效线索提示条件下,数学优困生均表现出显著的数字距离效应,但内源性无效线索提示条件下,学优生的数字距离效应显著,而学困生只有小数字距离效应显著,大数字距离效应不明显;(3)外源性有效线索提示条件下,数学优困生均表现出明显的数字距离效应,但外源性无效线索提示条件下,只有学优生表现出明显的数字距离效应,而学困生的数字距离效应不显著。

This study, by using Eyelink Ⅱ in endogenous and exogenous experimental paradigms to survey 39 students with high/low math test proficiency, aims to explore the effect of endogenous and exogenous attention on such students＇ number processing. The results show the following： （ 1 ） the students with high math test proficiency spend a shorter time than the students with low math test proficiency on behavioral reaction, fixation and saccadic interval in the number comparison task in endogenous and exogenous attention; （2） under the endogenous cue validity condition, the students with high/low math test ,proficiency show a significant number distance effect, but under the endogenous cue invalidity condition, the students with high math test proficiency show a significant number distance effect, whereas the students with low math test proficiency merely show a significant small number distance effect; （3） under the exogenous cue validity condition, the students with high/low math test proficiency show a significant number distance effect, but under the exogenous cue invalidity condition, the students with high math test proficiency show a significant number distance effect, whereas the students with low math test proficiency show no significant number distance effect.