一步沉淀法合成片状纳米硼酸锌及其性能表征(英文)

In Situ One-Step Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Flake-Like Zinc Borate

向聚苯乙烯材料中添加阻燃剂可提高其阻燃性能.本文提出了一步沉淀合成片状纳米硼酸锌阻燃剂的新方法.采用Na2B4O7·10H2O和Zn(NO3)2·6H2O为原料,通过一步沉淀法合成了片状纳米4ZnO·B2O3·H2O,并通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和热重-差热分析(TG-DTA)对不同反应条件下合成产物的物相和形貌进行了表征.结果表明,反应时间是影响合成的重要因素;当Na2B4O7.10H2O和Zn(NO3)2·6H2O的摩尔比为1∶2、反应温度为70℃、反应时间为8 h时,合成的纳米4ZnO·B2O3·H2O呈片状,直径为50～100 nm,性能最优.将片状纳米4ZnO·B2O3·H2O添加到聚苯乙烯中,考察其阻燃性能.实验结果表明:与以相同方式添加到聚苯乙烯的商业化纳米2ZnO·3B2O3·3·5H2O相比,片状纳米4ZnO·B2O3·H2O的加入显著提高了燃烧后碳残量,说明用本文方法合成的片状纳米硼酸锌具有良好的阻燃性能.

The incorporation of flame retardant can improve the inflaming retarding performance of polystyrene. Nano flake-like zinc borate （4ZnO· B2O3· H2O） flame retardant was prepared through in situ one-step precipitation reaction using Na2B4O7·10H2O and Zn（NO3）2·6H2O as raw materials in this paper. The samples obtained under different conditions were characterized by X-ray diffractometer （XRD）, field-emission scanning electronic microseopy（FESEM）, Fourier transform infrared spec- troscopy （FT-IR）, and thermo gravimetry and differential thermal analysis（TG-DTA）. The results show that, the reacting time greatly affects the structure and morphology of the obtained samples; flake-like 4ZnO.B2O3.H2O with a granularity of around 50--100 nm was produced under the optimum technical conditions, i.e, the molar ratio of Na2B4O7· 10H2O to Zn（NO3）2·6H2O is 1：2, the reacting temperature is 70℃ and the reacting time is 8 h. The nano flake-like 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O obtained through optimum technical conditions was incorporated during the synthesis process of polystyrene, which exhibits excel- lent inflaming retarding performance, with the carbon residue of polystyrene higher than that of polystyrene incorporated with commercial 2ZnO· 3B2O3· 3.5H2O.