论“默顿规范”对现代体育科学研究规范体系建构的启示

The Implication of "Mertonian Norms" to the Construction of Modern Sport Science Research Norm System

运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、对比法和逻辑分析法等研究方法,探讨"默顿规范"对现代体育科学研究规范体系建构的启示。在默顿规范的深度解读、现代体育科学研究规范体系的定义界定与内涵分析、大科学时代背景下,在现代体育科学研究发展趋势及其对科学规范诉求的逻辑分析和现代体育科学研究失范现象及其原因探析等基础上,着重探讨默顿规范对现代体育科学研究规范体系建构的几点启示。研究结果表明,默顿规范中的"普遍主义""公有主义""祛私利性""有条理的怀疑主义"和"独创性"5条科学行为规范能有机结合和交互作用,共同规约体育科研工作者的活动行为方式,塑造体育科研工作者的精神面貌和外在形象。现代体育科学研究成果创新需要默顿规范作为其理性发展前提,默顿规范是现代体育科学研究良性发展的坚实基础和消解现代体育科学研究规范现实困境的合理进路。对默顿规范的理性思考和科学运用,将有助于现代体育科学研究规范体系的建构,这既是培养体育科研工作者创造能力和收获创新性体育科研成果的基本前提,也是保证和提高体育科学研究质量与水平的重要途径。

This thesis penetrates deeply into the implications of ＂Mertonian Norms＂ to the academic norm system construction of modern sport science research by employing methods such as literature review, in- terview with experts, comparison and contrast as well as logical analysis. On the basis of a thorough inter- pretation of ＂Mertonian Norms＂, definition and connotation analysis of the academic norm system of mod- ern sport science research, logic analysis of modern sport science research trends and scientific norm de- mands in megascience era, and research on the phenomena and causes of the lack of modern sport science research norms, the paper mainly focuses on the implications of ＂Mertonian Norms＂ to the construction of modern sport science research norm system. The study results show that the combination and interaction of the five scientific conduct regulations （including ＂Universalism＂, ＂Communism＂, ＂Disinterestedness＂, ＂Organized Skepticism＂ and ＂Originality＂） can regularize the scientific research behaviors and reshape the mental outlook and external image of sport scientists. As a solid basis for the healthy development and proper solution for the present plight of modern sport science research, Mertonian Norms serves as a pre- supposition for the rational development of modern sport science research achievement innovation. Ration- al reflection on and scientific application of Mertonian Norms are beneficial to the construction of modern sport science research norm system, which is not only a basic precondition for the cultivation of sport sci- entists＇ innovation and the acquisition of innovative sport science achievement, but an important approach to guarantee and improve the quality and standard of sport science researches.