强制戒毒模式下戒毒者应对方式与心理因素的相关性分析

CORRELATION ANALYSIS ON COPING STYLES AND PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF DRUG ADDICTS UNDER COMPULSORY TREATMENT

目的:了解强制戒毒模式下戒毒者的应对方式及与心理各因素的相关性,为降低戒毒者的复吸率,维护其心理健康,提高社会适应能力提供理论依据。方法:用自编的一般情况调查表、90项症状清单(SCL-90)、特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)、艾森克人格问卷成人版(EPQ)和社会支持评定量表(SSRS)分别调查戒毒组的特质应对方式及相关心理因素,分析戒毒人群应对方式与相关心理因素的相关性。结果:(1)戒毒人员特质应对方式在婚姻状况方面差异不显著,男女性别方面存在显著差异,不管是积极应对还是消极应对男性的得分都显著高于女性,不同文化程度的积极应对方式和消极应对方式均存在差异;(2)戒毒人员积极应对得分与除人际敏感因子外的其他SCL-90因子得分呈负相关,消极应对得分与SCL-90(除人际敏感因子外)得分呈正相关;(3)戒毒人员积极应对得分与人格中的内-外向(E)因子分呈负相关,消极应对得分与人格中的神经质(N)因子分呈负相关;(4)戒毒人员积极应对得分与社会支持中的客观支持、主观支持、对支持的利用度三个维度得分均呈显著正相关。结论:应对方式与心理各因素密切相关,是影响戒毒者心理健康水平及社会适应能力的重要因素。

Objective：To analyze the correlation between the coping styles and their psychological factors under compulsory treatment of drug addicts, to provide information for lower relapse of drug addicts,to maintain their psychological health, and to improve their adaptability to society. Methods：A survey of the trait coping styles of drug addicts and their psychological factors was conducted using a Self- Made General Questionnaire, Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL - 90 ）, Trait Coping Style Questionnaire （TCSQ） ,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ）and the Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS）. The trait coping styles among drug addicts and control group were compared and the correlation between the coping styles of drug addicts and their psychological factors was analyzed. Results ： （ 1 ） The coping styles of drug addicts were insignificantly different between the different marriage status and were gender. Male drug addicts had higher scores than the female on both positive and negative coping styles. There were differences among drug addicts with different education background in both positive and negative coping styles. （2）There were negative correlations between scores on positive coping style and scores of SCL -90 （except interpersonal sensitivity factor）. There were positive correlations between scores on negative coping style and scores of SCL - 90 （ except interpersonal sensitivity factor）. （ 3 ） There were negative correlations between scores on positive coping style and E factor score,and positive correlations between negative coping style and N factor score. （4） Positive coping styles of drug addicts had positive correlations with scores of object support, subject supportive and the application of support. Conclusion： Coping styles are closely related to various psychological factors, and are important to the psychological health of drug addicts and their adaptability to society.