地方政府人力资本投资均等化分析

The Analysis of Equalization on Local Government Human Capital Investment

本文基于2004-2009年地级市数据,考察了地方政府人力资本投资即教育支出的均等化,运用基尼系数的分组分解和面板数据模型探讨了人均教育支出的不均等及其影响因素。分析表明,虽然人均教育支出持续增长,教育支出占GDP比重也逐步提升,但地级市之间的教育支出水平在这两个维度上却很不均等。本文检验了经济发展、财政能力、财政汲取能力、财政依赖度等因素对人均教育支出、教育支出占GDP比重的影响。

In this paper, we examine the equalization of local government human capital investment, or in other words, education expenditure equalization based on the 2004-2009 prefecture-level city data. We use Gini coefficient decomposition and panel data model to analyze the inequality of per capita spending on education and its impact factors. The analysis shows that： although per capita spending on education continues to grow, education spending share of GDP also increased gradually, the level of spending on education between the prefecture-level cities in these two dimensions is very much uneven. This paper also examines the impact of factors as economic development, financial capacity, financial extractive capacity, financial dependence on per capita education spending, education spending to GDP.