基于能量均衡的无线传感器在配电网的部署算法

Wireless sensor deployment algorithm in distribution network based on energy balance

为了提高配电通信网的可靠性,针对宽带无线网络覆盖配电网存在信号盲区等问题,给出一种无线传感器延伸覆盖网络模型。考虑到能量、通信距离受限的无线传感器在配电网中采用多跳通信方式,致使与sink相邻的节点能量消耗大,易出现能量空洞问题,提出一种基于能量均衡的无线传感在配电网的部署算法。该算法以网络效率作为优化目标,在已知采集节点数和节点之间距离的前提下,求解出最优中继节点部署方案和各采集节点的传输距离。仿真结果表明,该算法符合配电网中的无线传感器的网络部署要求,能够延长网络生命周期、提高网络效率。

For the enhancement of the reliability of distribution communication networks, aiming at the existence of blind area in the distribution network based on wireless wide band networks, the model of wireless sensor extension overlay network is given. Considering the fact that sensors with limited energy and communication distance adopt multi-hop communication in the distribution network, which makes the node adjacent to the sink consume lots of energy and it is quite possible to form energy hole, so the paper proposes a deployment algorithm in distribution wireless sensor network based on energy balance. This algorithm aims at the optimization on network efficiency. Given the amount of nodes and the distance between acquisition nodes, the best relay nodes＇ deployment plan and transmission distance of acquisition nodes are determined. Simulation results show that the algorithm can meet the deployment demand of distribution wireless sensor network, prolong the life period and improve the network efficiency.