往复式压缩机进气阀运动规律的理论研究

Theoretical Research on the Motion Law of Reciprocating Compressor Inlet Valve

运用往复式压缩机理论研究了不同弹簧刚度、曲轴转速和升程时的进气阀运动规律,通过阀片位移曲线分析了弹簧刚度、曲轴转速和升程对滞后关闭与颤振的影响。分析结果表明,随着刚度的增大和转速的降低,滞后关闭现象逐渐消失,在曲轴转速980 r/min、弹簧刚度455N/m时,滞后关闭角达到41.1°;当刚度增至5 300 N/m或转速低于370 r/min时,阀片开始出现颤振,此时最大弹簧力与最大推力的比值随着曲轴转速和弹簧刚度的增大而增大;若曲轴转速由370 r/min提高到2 000 r/min,对应的弹簧刚度需从455 N/m增至14 kN/m,此时最大弹簧力与最大推力的比值由0.17增至1.00。

The theory concerning reciprocating compressor was applied to study the movement law of inlet valve with different spring rigidities, crankshaft speeds and valve lift ranges. The effects of spring rigidity, crankshaft speed and valve lift on delayed closing and vibration were analyzed. The findings show that with rigidity increase and speed reduction the delayed closing phenomenon gradually disappears. The delayed closing angle reaches 41.1 o when the speed is 980 r/rain and the rigidity is 455 N/re. The valve plate begins to vibrate when the rigidity increases to 5 300 N/m or the speed is lower than 370 r/min. When the valve plate begins to vibrate, the ratio between the maximum spring force and the maximum thrust increases with crankshaft speed and spring rigidity. If the speed increases from 370 r/min to 2 000 r/min, the corresponding rigidity must increase from 455 N/m to 14 kN/m. At this moment the ratio between the maximum spring force and the maximum thrust increases from 0. 17 to 1.00. Research on the motion law of inlet valve provides the theoretical basis for the rational optimization of inlet valve structure.