77GHz汽车主动毫米波防撞雷达信号处理板的设计与实现

Circuits Design and Implementation for 77GHz Automotive Active Millimeter-Wave Anti-collision Radar Signal Processing Unit

汽车主动毫米波防撞雷达以高精度目标测距和测速为目标，以提高行车安全系数和减少事故发生率为设计宗旨，以信号处理平台为核心。本文采用ADC＋FPGA模式设计了一种用于77GHz三角波调频连续波的汽车主动防撞雷达信号处理机，对雷达天线回波信号进行二次放大、低噪滤波和高精度A／D转换，并将转换后的信号送入FPGA进行相关信号处理。本文还对雷达信号处理板主要部分的电路设计及仿真进行了详细阐述。仿真与实测表明，本信号处理板具有体积小、功耗低、成本低等特点，且具有一定的灵活性和可扩展性，能够实现实际目标的测距和测速，达到了汽车主动防碰撞雷达的设计指标。

The purpose of the millimeter-wave anti-collision radar for vehicles is reducing the accident rate with a higher accuracy of range and velocimetry accuracy. This paper introduced an electric circuit design for signal processing board used in the 77GHz triangle wave frequency modulation radar system, with the processing procedure of secondary radar echo signal amplification, low-noise filtering and high-precision A/D converter and FPGA operation. This paper also introduced the design and simulation for parts of the circuits. The results illustrates that, the design has the advantages of small size, low power consumption, low cost, and has a certain degree of flexibility and scalability. The design reaches the specifications of the vehicle active anti-collision radar.