纤维素分解复合菌系WSC-9中厌氧细菌的分离

Isolation of anaerobic bacterial strains from cellulolytic bacterial community WSC-9

复合菌系WSC-9是一组具高效稳定分解纤维素能力的细菌复合群体。为了研究其微生物组成,以纤维素分解情况为依据,分离复合菌系中具有纤维素分解能力的厌氧纯培养菌株,通过16S rDNA基因序列初步分析确定系统发育地位。从WSC-9中获得1株可有效降解纤维素的严格厌氧细菌WSC-9-7,50℃培养10 d,稻秆的总干重减少了47%。WSC-9-7为杆菌,产孢,能够利用纤维二糖、纤维素、滤纸、稻秆等。经数据库比对,与菌株HAW-RM37-2-B-1600d-W(FN563295)的相似性达到99%,与Clostridium islandicumAK1(EF088328)的相似性为98%。其中,Clostridium islandicumAK1厌氧且可以分解多糖类物质,获于冰岛的热泉;HAW-RM37-2-B-1600d-W在堆肥样品的克隆结果中获得,未获得纯培养。菌株WSC-9-7与这两株细菌均为嗜高温的严格厌氧细菌。初步判断菌株WSC-9-7可能是Clostridium属中的一个成员。

The microbial community WSC-9 capable of degrading lignocellulose with high efficiency was enriched from composting of cattle manure and rice straw. The aims of this study were to isolate and identify the anaerobic bacterial strains from the cellulose-degrading bacterial community. An anaerobic, thermophilic and ceilulolytic bacterium was isolated, which was named WSC-9-7. More than 47% of rice straw was degraded within 10 days of inoculation at 50 ℃ by WSC-9-7. WSC-9-7 is a spore-forming and straight rod. Cellobiose, cellulose, filter paper and rice straw can be utilized as sole carbon and energy sources by WSC-9-7 in medium. On the basis of 16S rDNA gene sequence similarity, WSC-9-7 was mapped to the genus Clostridium. It is closely related to HAW-RM37- 2-B-1600d-W （99%）, and Clostridium islandicum AK1（98%）. Clostridium islandicum AK1 was a new anaerobic, saccharolytic, thermophilic bacterium, isolated from hot spring in Iceland. HAW-RM37-2-B-1600d-W was uncultured clone from compost environmental samples. All of them were thermophilic and anaerobic bacterium. Hence, WSC-9-7 represents a novel species is proposed.