某职业人群应用生活方式量化干预模式管理体重的效果评价

Effect of lifestyle quantilization based-weight management on overweight or obesity occupational groups

目的探索适合某职业人群，即北京市公安民警的体重管理的有效模式。方法根据知情同意原则，对北京市公安局符合条件的107名超重或肥胖在职民警采用生活方式量化干预模式，即金币减重法进行体重管理。按照参加研究活动的次数将其分为优秀组、较好组及失访组，优秀组及较好组视为干预对象。在研究开始及结束时集中进行基线数据调查，包括填写饮食模式问卷、测量体重、身高、腰围、血压、血总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇及空腹血糖等指标。金币减重法干预8周后，比较干预对象管理前后各项指标的变化情况。应用SPSS16．0统计软件进行数据分析，组间比较采用配对t检验。结果优秀组50名，占47％；较好组42名，占39％；失访组15名，占14％。优秀组及较好组参与者中，体重下降者83名，占90％，优秀组与较好组在干预后体重下降明显，前后比较差异均有统计学意义（t=13．31、5．04，均P〈0．05）。优秀组成员体重、体质指数、腰围、体脂肪、内脏脂肪指数明显下降，身体水分增加，差异均有统计学意义（t=13．31、13．72、10．8、8．59、6．83、-6．62，均P〈0．05），而血压、血糖、血脂等生化指标间差异无统计学意义。经过干预后，优秀组成员每13膳食能量摄入平均降低74．1kJ，膳食脂肪摄入平均降低约11．6g，膳食脂肪供能比平均降低1．8％，谷类食物供能平均增加4．2％，食用盐摄入量平均减少1．3g，食用油摄入量平均减少约10g，膳食模式发生了一些变化。结论金币减重法对北京市公安局超重肥胖的在职民警管理体重有很好的效果，且操作简便、依从性较好、经费支出少，可以作为一种有效模式在全局甚至其他功能社区推广。

Objective To study the effects of lifestyle quantilization based-weight management on overweight or obesity police officers. Methods One hundred and seven overweight or obesity police officers received lifestyle quantilization based-weight management （i. e. Jinbi weight management） and were then assigned to the excellent performance group （ group A, n = 50 ）, good performance group （ group B, n = 42 ） and loss to follow-up group （ group C, n = 15 ）. Dietary habits, body weight, height, waist circumference （ WC）, blood pressure （BP） , total cholesterol （ TC ） , triglyceride （TG） , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） ,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） and fasting plasma glucose （FPG） were measured before and after the intervention. After 8 weeks＇ intervention, the changes of above parameters were recored. Student＇s t test was used for data analysis. Results Of group A and B, 83 reported weight loss （group A t = 13.31 ,group B t =5.04; both P 〈0. 05）. In group A,body weight,body mass index （ BMI）, WC, body fat and visceral fat index were significantly decreased, in contrast to body water （ t values were 13.31,13.72,10. 8,8.59,6. 83 and - 6. 62, respectively ; all P 〈 0. 05 ）. However, there were no significant changes of BP, FPG, TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C in group A. Following intervention, daily dietary energy intake of group A was reduced by 74. 1 k J, fat intake was decreased by 11.6 g, energy ratio of dietary fat was decreased by 1.8% ,energy ratio of cereal was increased by 4. 2% ,and sodium chloride and cooking oil was decreased by 1.3 g and 10 g, respectively. Conclusion Lifestyle quantilization based-weight management shows effectiveness among overweight or obese police officers, and thus may be recommended for other functional communities.