光质和B_9对杜鹃花观赏性状及生理特性的影响

Effects of Light Quality and Daminozide (B_9) on Ornamental and Physiological Characteristics of Rhododendron simsii ‘Pinghua’

以杜鹃‘萍花’品种为试验材料,研究不同光质(白光、红光、蓝光)和不同浓度梯度B9(0,300,600,900mg·L-1)处理对其花期、花径、成花率、花色素苷含量等开花品质及叶片光合特性、花瓣可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,B9、红光、蓝光处理均能增强杜鹃叶片光合能力,延缓花瓣衰败,延长花期;在一定B9浓度范围内,红光、蓝光和B9相互作用表现出加合效应,提升观赏品质的效果比单因素处理更好,但当B9浓度过高时,这种相互作用表现出拮抗效应;蓝光+B9300mg·L-1处理光合速率高,有利于花瓣中可溶性蛋白的积累,成花率、花径、花色素苷含量均较高;红光+B9600mg·L-1处理有利于增加叶片叶绿素b和花瓣可溶性糖含量,并能有效延缓花瓣SOD活性的降低,花期最长。综合各生理指标认为:蓝光+B9300mg·L-1处理和红光+B9600mg·L-1处理较好,能有效提高杜鹃花的观赏品质。

In this paper, Rhododendron simsii ＇ Pinghua＇ was used to study effects of different light quality （white, red, blue） and different daminozide （ B9 ） concentrations （0, 300, 600, 900 mg· L-1 ） on its flowering time, flower diameter , flower formation rate by measuring photosynthetic characters in leaves and content of soluble sugar and soluble protein and the activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD） in petals during flowering process. Our main purpose was to improve omanmental values of the variety and provide a scientific basis and technical support for the commercial production of R. simsii. The results indicated that： in comparison with control, all the treatments prolonged the flowering duration, enhanced the photosynthetic characteristics, and delayed the senescence of petals. Combination of blue light or red light with B9 in a given concentration was more effective than using any alone treatment in improving omanmental values. But the combination caused antagonisetic effect when the B9 concentration was too high. The treatment of blue light ＋ 300 mg· L-1 B9 increased the photosynthetic rate, accumulated the content of soluble sugar and anthocyanin in petals, and improved the flowering probability and flower diameter. The treatment of red light ＋ 600 mg·L-1 Bgincreased the chlorophyll b in leaves and the soluble protein in petals, delayed the decrease of the SOD activity in petals effectively, and gained the longest flowering duration. Integrated all indices, the treatments of blue light ＋ 300 mg· L-1 B9 and red light ＋ 600 mg. L· B9 were better than the other treatments and improved the quality of flowers effectively.