铁路时代洋烟对近代安徽烟草业发展的影响

On the Influence of Imported Tobacco on Modern Anhui Tobacco Development at the Railway Age

随着津浦铁路安徽段建成通车,以英美烟草公司为代表的西方资本主义烟草企业(洋烟)开始染指铁路沿线的烟草生产、加工和销售,对进入铁路时代的安徽近代烟草业的发展产生了较大的影响,突出表现在改变了铁路沿线烟草主产区的种植结构、不断加大了对主产区烟农的盘剥以及加深了对民族烟草加工业的发展的阻碍等几个方面。虽然从客观上说这种影响一定程度地促进了安徽烟草业的近代化水平,但这种"资本主义化"的畸形发展并没有从根本上改变安徽半殖民地半封建的社会性质。

With the building of Jinpu Railway Anhui Section, the western tobacco enterprises, especially British and American tobacco companies, started to interfere with tobacco manufacturing, production and marketing along the railway, which exerted great influence on modern Anhui tobacco development at the railway age. The tobacco planting structure at major planting areas was thus forced to change, the exploitation on tobacco farmers was aggravated, and the process of nationalization of tobacco industry was also hindered. Objectively those influences enhanced the modernization of Anhui tobacco industry to a certain degree, however, the deformed development of capitalization did not fundamentally change the nature of Anhui as a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.