结肠小袋虫研究进展

Progress on Balantidium coli

结肠小袋虫是一种全球性的机会性寄生虫感染病原,可感染包括猪在内的多种哺乳动物,是感染人和非人灵长类动物最大的原生动物。猪是主要的带虫宿主,人与猪直接或间接接触可造成感染。感染猪的粪便污染水源后可能造成突发性的公共卫生事件。病原主要寄生于人和动物的结肠和盲肠,可能表现无症状感染,也可能呈现出血性和黏液性腹泻,特殊情况下转移至肺、尿生殖道、盆腔等肠外组织。保持良好的卫生习惯和避免水源的污染是预防感染的关键。论文就结肠小袋虫的分类、形态特征、基因分型、培养特性、抵抗力、致病机制、流行病学、诊断及防治进行了综述。

Balantidium coli is a cosmopolitan parasitic-opportunistic pathogen that infects human and other mammalian hosts including pigs, and is the largest protozoon infecting human and nonhuman primates. Pigs are its major natural reservoir hosts, and human becomes infected through direct or indirect contact with pigs. The contaminated drinking water source with feces from the infected pigs may cause emerging public health events. B. coli is located in the colon and cecum of human and other animals, occasionally transfer to extra-intestinal organs including lungs, urino-reproduction guts and pelvic cavity, and the dis- eased hosts may remain asymptomatic, or ma.y occur bloody and mucus-containing diarrhea. Effective sani- tation and uncontaminated water are the most useful weapons against infection. Here, taxonomic status, morphological characteristics, genotyping, culture characteristics, resistance, pathogenesis mechanism, epi- demiology,diagnosis,prevention and control of B. coli were reviewed.