山豆根致大鼠肝损伤外周血microRNA早期变化特征研究

Study on Early Change Features of microRNA in the Peripheral Blood of Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma Induced Liver Injury Rats

目的探讨山豆根致肝损伤外周血微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)的早期变化特征,寻找肝损伤早期外周血miRNA标志物。方法 60只Wistar大鼠随机分为山豆根组和对照组,每组30只,分别给予山豆根水煎液12g/kg(2mL/100g)和等容量蒸馏水灌胃。于给药3、7、14、28天和停药后28天分批处理动物,取血清,测定常规血液生化指标ALT、AST、TBIL、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、总蛋白(TP)和白蛋白(ALB)水平,计算球蛋白(GLO)水平;取肝组织进行HE染色,观察病理形态学变化。同时分别取两组大鼠给药7、14、28天全血进行miRNA芯片检测,筛选差异表达miRNA,并进行RT-PCR验证。结果山豆根组给药7～28天ALT明显升高(P<0.05),组织病理学检查显示肝组织于给药28天出现肝细胞变性肿大。外周血miRNA芯片检测中,给药7、14、28天上调差异表达miRNA分别有11个、22个、13个,下调差异表达miRNA分别有1个、13个、2个。对给药7、14、28天共有差异表达miRNA通过靶基因预测和pathway分析发现,参与调控信号转导、细胞间相互作用、细胞骨架、免疫相关的差异表达miRNA可能参与了肝损伤的进程。时效高峰在7天的miR-291a-5p的RT-PCR验证显示,miR-291a-5p在外周血和肝组织的表达基本一致。结论 miR-291a-5p可在早期提示肝脏的损伤,可作为山豆根致肝损伤早期标志物之一。

Objective To study early change features of microRNA （miRNA） in the peripheral blood of Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma induced liver injury rats, and to look for the miRNA biomarkers in the peripheral blood of early liver injury. Methods Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group and the Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma （abbreviated as STRR） group, 30 in each group. Rats in the STRR group was administered with STRR decoction at 12 g/kg （2 mL/100 g）, while equal volume of the dis- tilled water was given to those in the control group. Rats were anesthetized on day 3, 7, 14, and 28, and 28 days after withdrawal. The serum samples were withdrawn. The alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, aspartate transaminase （AST）, total bile （TBIL）, alkaline phosphatase （ALP）, total protein （TP）, and albumin （ALB） were detected. The globulin （GLO） level was calculated. HE staining was performed on the liver tissue to ob- serve the pathomorphological changes. The whole blood was collected on day 7, 14, and 28 to perform the mi- croarray test. The differentially expressed miRNAs were screened and verified by RT-PCR. Results The ALT activity obviously increased on day 7 -28 in the STRR group （P 〈0. 05）. The histopathological results showed the degeneration and swelling of the liver cells on day 28. In the microarray test, there were 11,22, and 13 up- regulatedly expressed miRNAs on day 7, 14, and 28, respectively. There were 1, 13, 2 down-regulatedly ex- pressed miRNAs on day 7, 14, and 28, respectively. By target gene prediction and pathway analysis of differ-entially expressed miRNA on day 7, 14, and 28, they involved in regulating and controlling signal transduction, cellular interaction, cytoskeleton. Differentially expressed miRNA might possibly participate in the process of liver injury. The RT-PCR result of the expression of miR-291a-5p with the peak time efficiency on day 7 showed that the expressions of miR-291a-5p in the peripheral blood and the liver tissue were basically identical. Conclu- sion miR-291a-5p could early indicate the liver injury, which could be taken as one of an early marker in STRR induced liver injury.