无意识冲突的发生机制:基于Stroop范式的探讨

The Mechanism of Unconscious Conflict:An Exploring Based on Stroop Paradigm

无意识信息对人们的行为有着十分重要的影响,它不仅能触发相对低级的认知功能而且也能触发冲突控制等相对高级的认知功能。尽管已有研究从行为和认知神经研究两个方面强有力地证实了无意识冲突的存在,但对无意识冲突是源自中枢加工产生的语义冲突还是晚期动作选择中产生的反应冲突存在激烈的争议。本研究采用分离语义冲突和反应冲突的实验逻辑在Stroop掩蔽启动任务中探讨了无意识冲突的机制。结果发现,无意识Stroop效应中既包含语义冲突又包含反应冲突。这说明无意识冲突可能由语义冲突和反应冲突共同构成。实验结果也进一步支持了无意识刺激可以加工到语义水平的观点。

Unconscious information has a great impact on behavior. It can trigger not only lower-level cognitive functions but also higher cognitive functions such as conflict control. Although findings obtained from previous behavioral and cognitive neuroscienee studies have strongly confirmed the existence of unconscious conflict, a fierce controversy on whether unconscious conflict arises from semantic conflicts or response conflict still exists. In a masked version Stroop priming task, we dissociated unconscious semantic conflict and response conflict. The results suggested that both semantic conflict and response conflict contributed to unconscious conflict. This suggested that unconscious conflict may consist of both semantic conflict and response conflict. The results further supported the view that unconscious stimuli can be processed to the semantic level.