癌症患者创伤后应激障碍症状特点及社会心理相关因素

The Symptomatic Characteristics of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder of Cancer Patients and Social Psychology Related Factors

目的研究癌症患者创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)症状特点及社会心理相关因素。方法采用PTSD筛查量表、社会支持评定量表、简易应对方式量表、艾森克人格量表对198例癌症患者进行问卷调查。结果①有20%的癌症患者PTSD筛查量表3个分量表均分大于3;②不同居住地被试PTSD症状有显著差异,农村显著高于城市(t=2.240,P<0.05);③不同癌症类型被试PTSD症状有显著差异,乳腺癌和子宫癌患者要显著低于其他类型的癌症(F=2.313,P<0.05);④不同患病时间被试PTSD症状有显著差异,随着时间推移有上升的趋势(F=2.389,2.626,2.418;P<0.05);⑤癌症患者PTSD症状与消极应对、精神质、神经质成正相关(P<0.05),与积极应对、社会支持成负相关(P<0.05)。结论有20%癌症患者的各类症状达到"中度"以上的水平,居住在农村的癌症患者PTSD症状更严重、乳腺癌和子宫癌患者的症状更少、随着时间推移癌症患者PTSD症状更严重。人格特征、应对方式、社会支持是影响癌症患者PTSD的重要因素。

Objective To study the symptomatic characteristics of posttraumatic stress disorder of cancer patients and its influ- encing factors. Methods Using Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Check--list -- Civilian Version, Social Support Rating Scale, Simple Coping Style Questionnaire and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire to survey 198 cancer patients. Results ①There were about 20% cancer patients whose three subscales＇ average scores were greater than 3;②PTSD symptom from rural patients was greater than that from urban patients（t= 2. 240,P〈0.05） ;③Breast cancer and uterine cancer patients＇ PTSD symptom was slighter than other types of cancers＇ （F= 2. 313,P〈0.05） ;④As time went on, the PTSD symptom had the upward trend （F=2. 389,2. 626, 2. 418;P〈0.05） ;⑤Cancer patients＇ PTSD symptom was positively correlated with negative coping and nervous disposition （P〈 0.05） ,and negatively correlated with positive coping,introversion-extroversion and social support （P〈 0.05）. Conclusion There are about 20% cancer patients that their various types of symptoms are more than “moderate”, among which, the rural cancer patients＇ PTSD symptom is more serious,the breast cancer and uterine cancer patient s＇ is slighter and the symptom is more serious as time goes on. What＇s more ,personality characteristics ,coping style and social support are important factors to influence patient＇s PTSD symptom.