联合用药对妇科全麻术后患者止吐效果的观察

Evaluation on the Antiemetic Effect of Drug Combination in the Patients after General Anesthesia Gynecology Operation

目的:探讨联合用药对妇科全麻术后严重呕吐患者的疗效。方法:将医院从2012年2月至2012年8月共收治的妇科择期全麻手术患者112例随机分为3组,术后患者出现Ⅲ级及以上恶心、呕吐症状时,A组以肌肉注射胃复安10mg,共32例;B组以地塞米松5mg及胃复安10mg加于墨菲氏管中,共34例;C组以地塞米松5mg及胃复安10mg加于墨菲氏管中,同时以肌肉注射异丙唪25mg联合用药止吐,共46例。结果:以用药后恶心呕吐症状改善至Ⅱ级及以下为缓解标准,A组缓解12例,占该组病例的37.5%;B组缓解16例,占该组病例的47.1%;C组缓解31例,占该组病例的67.4%。结论:地塞米松+胃复安+异丙嗪三联用药的止吐效果显著优于前两组,且副作用小,价格便宜,有效减轻了患者全麻术后恶心呕吐不适的痛苦。

Objective:To investigate the curative effect differences of drug combination in the patients with severe vomiting after general anesthesia gynecology operation.Methods:Totally 112 patients,who received selective general anesthesia gynecology operation from Feb.2012 to Aug.2012,were divided randomly into 3 groups.When those patients were suffering vomiting above grade Ⅲ,for Group A(32 samples):injected intramuscularly 10mg metoclopramide;for Group B(34 samples):added 5mg dexamethasone and 10mg metoclopramide into Murphy's dropper;for Group C(46 samples):added 5mg dexamethasone and 10mg metoclopramide into Murphy's dropper and injected intramuscularly 25mg promethazine at the same time.Results:With the vomiting symptom improved to gradeⅡor better as the relief standard,in Group A 12 samples (37.5%) relieved;in Group B 16 samples (47.1%) relieved;in Group C 31 samples(67.4%) relieved.Conclusion:Combination of dexamethasone,metoclopramide and promethazine performs better in improving vomiting than the other two groups with lower price and less side effect and it can effectively relieve the patients` pain of suffering vomiting after general anesthesia gynecology operation.