贵州栽培太子参主要农艺性状比较及相互关系研究

Comparative analysis of main agronomic traits and interrelationships in cultivation provenances of Pesudostellaria heterophylla from Guizhou province

目的:对贵州施秉地区主要的太子参栽培类型进行农艺性状观察与比较,为施秉太子参的选育工作提供指导。方法:对3种太子参栽培类型的13个农艺性状进行田间测定,采用SPSS 17.0软件进行多重比较、相关性、多元回归和通径分析。结果:结果表明,太子参的3种栽培类型间各农艺性状均存在不同程度的差异;多个农艺性状之间存在显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)的相关性;块根数、块根粗、一级分枝数、闭锁花数、叶长、叶宽和地上生物量是影响地下生物量的主要因子;块根数、地上生物量对地下生物量直接作用较大,同时全株长、叶长、叶宽、闭锁花数等性状对地下生物量亦有直接或间接作用。结论:地上生物量是太子参高产选育最佳的农艺性状间接指标,一级分枝数、叶宽和闭锁花数是太子参高产选育较好的农艺性状辅助指标。

Objective： To provide guidance for selection and breeding of Pesudostellaria heterophylla, agronomic traits of 3 mainly cultivated form of P. heterophylla were observed and compared in Guizhou shibing. Method： Thirteen agronomic traits of P. heterophylla from 3 cuhivation form were measured and the traits were analyzed using multiple comparison, correlation analysis, multiple stepwise regression analysis and path analysis. Result： The results showed that agronomic traits were different in 3 cultivation form, significant（ P 〈 0. 05 ）or very significant correlated （P 〈 0. 01 ）among multiple agronomic traits, the width and the number of root, the first branch number, cleistogamous flowers, length and width of leaves, and the aboveground biomass were the main factors that affected the underground biomass, and the number of root, the aboveground biomass had a directly positive effect on the underground biomass. Meanwhile, whole length, length and width of leaves, cleistogamous flowers etc. had direct or indirect effect on the underground biomass. Conclusion： Aboveground biomass would be as the best indirect selection traits on breeding high yield of P. heterophyUa, the first branch number, width of leaves and cleistogamous flowers world be as a better auxiliary index on breeding high variety of P. heterophylla.