系统科学视野下的科学整体演化图景

The Study about Evolution of Science as a whole from Systems Science Perspective

历史上不同的科学哲学流派往往从不同的维度或层面考察科学形象,然而这种单维度单层面的考察具有很大的局限性。现代系统科学为探讨这一问题提供了新的思路与方法。我们在前人研究的基础上,通过分析科学演化中内外因素的不同机制,阐明了科学内部的自主性与对环境依赖性是辩证统一的;通过考察科学演化中不同层次的相互关系,得出了宏观层次相对稳定的整体特征源于微观层次随机行为的集体涌现,层次之间具有双向因果关系的结论。因而,系统整体思维对于揭示科学形象,展示其演化图景具有积极意义。

Different schools of philosophy of science analyse the image of science from different dimension, however, a separate investigation of a dimension it is difficult to show the evolution features of science as a whole. Analyse the different mechanism of internal and external factors in the evolution of science, illustrate the dialectical relationship between autonomy and dependence on the external environment. Scientific mac- ro-levels relatively stable overall characteristics derived from micro-level random acts of collective, has a two-way causation between the levels, and should not be discussed in isolation. Analysis of philosophy of science based on systems science, is positive to revealing relatively real, com- prehensive image of science.