心理健康的社会学视角——心理健康社会学综述

The Sociological Perspective of Mental Health:A review of the sociology of mental health and illness

心理健康与心理问题(疾病)的社会根源属于社会学传统所关注的研究对象。但是,无论是在社会学学科内部,还是在相关学科领域(如心理学、精神病学)都没有受到应有的重视;在当前中国社会学中这类研究往往被边缘化。本文从心理问题的定义与测量、社会结构性分布、社会心理机制及社会后果四个方面入手,系统总结当代美国心理健康社会学的研究脉络和争论要点,最后对潜在的本土化研究方向进行了讨论,期望抛砖引玉,引发研究者对此领域更大的研究兴趣,促进这一社会学分支在中国的本土化研究。

The research interest in the social causes of mental health and illness has a historical root in sociology.This line of research,however,often gets less attention than deserving,especially in China's Mainland.This article sorts out the researching logic and major debates of contemporary sociology of mental health in the U.S.by reviewing relevant research from four aspects;mental illness's definitions and measures,social distributions,socio-psychological mechanisms,and social consequences.Meanwhile,the relevance of this body of research for indigenized research in China is also discussed.