经济学研究方法演变

On the Evolution of Economic Research Approaches

本文从经济问题的重要现实性与紧迫性角度分析经济学研究方法的数学化原因,并说明在经济学数学化的进程中,以理性经济人最优化行为为基本逻辑的数学化经济学之建立和发展致使经济学研究的经济行为人丧失社会性与生物性。然后,文章阐释随着经济活动复杂性的不断提高,经济行为人遭遇信息与计算能力瓶颈,而制度经济学、行为经济学、实验经济学和神经经济学发展是经济学应对经济行为人信息与计算能力瓶颈的反应。经济学还原经济行为人之社会性与生物性的努力不仅复兴包括历史方法与制度分析法等传统经济学研究方法,而且创造性地将实验技术方法、心理分析法以及神经研究技术方法引入经济研究。

considering the practical importance and urgency of economic issues,the paper analyzes the causes of the mathematization of economics and points out the ignorance of the biological and social characteristics of economic agents by economics in its mathematization process based on its rational optimization assumption.The paper then discusses the information and computation bottlenecks encountered by economic agents in an environment of ever increasing complexity,and points out the response to these bottlenecks by institutional economics,behavioral economics,experimental economics,and neuro-economics.These new economic perspectives and approaches renovate the historical and institutional approaches of traditional economics,and also adopt innovatively experimental,psycho-analytical,and neurological research approaches into economics.The adoption of these new approaches restores the fundamental biological and social characteristics of economic agents in economics.