工业大麻对重金属污染土壤的治理研究进展

Advances and the effects of industrial hemp for the cleanup of heavy metal pollution

由于工业、农业、废水处理、建筑和采矿等一系列人为活动造成土壤的污染程度日益严重,致使土壤不能用于粮食等作物生产。如何深入治理重金属污染土壤已成为当今研究的热点。由于传统的治理重金属污染技术非常昂贵,并存在二次污染的风险,促使研究者寻求新的治理技术。而植物修复技术以其价廉、清洁、不破坏环境、不会造成二次污染等特性逐步引起了学术界和政府部门的广泛重视。近年来,工业大麻以其优良的修复特性和利用价值已成为修复重金属污染土壤的候选植物之一。在此重点论述了重金属对工业大麻的影响及其在大麻不同部位的分布;工业大麻对重金属的吸收能力以及工业大麻对重金属污染土壤修复的优良特性,最后对工业大麻修复重金属污染土壤技术存在的不足等进行归纳总结,以便为工业大麻对重金属污染治理研究及耐重金属或超富集工业大麻品种的选育和栽培技术研究提供指导。

With the intensification of human activities, such as industry, agriculture, wastewater treatment, construction, and mining, there has been increasingly serious pollutions on soil, surface water, groundwater, and atmosphere. As a result, sizably polluted areas cannot be used for agricultural development. To address these problems, the focus of the current research is how to further improve various methods of pollution remediation. Since traditional remediation technologies are very expensive, and the risk of the secondary pollution is still high, phytoremediation technology has garnered increasing attention from academic and government institutions. Phytoremediation technology is cheap, clean, environmentally friendly, and without any risk of secondary pollution. Industrial hemp is a candidate phytoremediation plant for the cleanup of heavy metal pollutions because it has an excellent remediation effect, and it is now receiving significant research attention. The present review summarizes the following aspects ： （ 1 ） the effects of heavy metals on the growth, sex expression, and THC content of industrial hemp, and the distribution of heavy metals in different organs of industrial hemp ; （2） the plant＇s capacity for removal and detoxification of heavy metals; （3）and the problems facing phytoremediation technology of industrial hemp at present. All of the above may provide useful information about phytoremediation technology, industrial hemp cultivation, and breeding of hyperaccumulated industrial hemp.