哈贝马斯与鲍德里亚对马克思劳动概念的误读

Misinterpretation of Marx's Concept of Labor by Habermas and Baudrillard

哈贝马斯和鲍德里亚在生产领域之外考察了人与人之间社会关系的形成,并强调交往、消费和象征等文化因素的重要作用。哈贝马斯以交往理性为基础试图重建历史唯物主义,而鲍德里亚则设想回归到象征交换主导的原始社会,并以拟像的进程解释历史的发展。哈贝马斯和鲍德里亚都未能充分理解马克思劳动概念的多重涵义,从而在考察历史发展过程中忽视了物质生产的基础性作用。

Habermas and Baudrillard researched into the social relation between people outside the production areas and emphasized the significance of cultural factors such as communication, consumption and symbols. Haber- mas attempted to reconstruct the historical materialism based on the theory of communicative rationality. But Bau- drillard considered to return to the primitive society that was led by symbolic exchange, and explained the historical development by resorting to the precession of simulacra. Habermas and Baudrillard both failed to fully understand the multiple implications of Marx＇s labor concept. Therefore, they neglected the basic role of material production in their study of the social and historical development.