宋元时期生券军与熟券军考

Shengquan Army and Shuquan Army during Song and Yuan Dynasties

生券军、熟券军都是活跃于宋末及元代的军事组织。两者的区别在于:前者形成于南宋,是以会子支付军饷、从外地抽调兵士镇戍边境的军事组织,属于镇戍部队,后者则定居于当地;前者多承担战斗任务而后者主要负责屯田。元代,生券军有征伐、镇戍、屯田和侍卫职能,熟券军的职能同生券军接近;二者都属于新附军,政府对其秉持着非兵即农、不为兵则屯田的管理原则。

The military organizations of Shengquan Army and Shuquan Army originated in the Song Dynasty. The Shengquan Army was afforded by the fund in form of currency and took charge of the territory defense. By contrast, the Shuquan Army settled in locality and undertook cultivation for the military. In the Yuan Dynasty, the responsibilities of the Shengquan Army included guarding, military farming, fighting, the Shuquan Army＇ s function was similar to that of Shengquan Army .