三个层面的居民医疗费用负担测量指标及其政策涵义

Three-level Indicators for Measurement of Residents ’ Burden of Medical Expenses and Their Potential Policy Implications

从地区层面、人群层面和个体层面理顺居民医疗费用负担测量指标,透过计算公式揭示其蕴藏的政策涵义,提供思考路径。结果表明,减轻居民医疗费用负担过重应从两条路径思考。一是从社会宏观着手,增加个人财富在国民收入中的份额,提高居民可支配收入总额;减少整个社会居民间贫富差距。二是从卫生体系着手,实施以公共资金为主要筹资来源的卫生筹资战略,提高公共筹资对重点人群补助的针对性。加强卫生体系整体效率,通过主动购买方式,为居民购买健康需要的医疗服务。

To supply a thinking pathway for policy analysis, the article summarizes the measurement of residents＇ burden of medical expenses separately from the district, population and individual level, and reveals the indicators potential policy implications. In order to reduce the medical expenses burden of residents, two paths can be taken. Firstly, from the macro perspective, the share of personal wealth in the national income should be increased and the gap between rich and poor in society be reduced. Secondly, from the health system perspective, public funds as the main sources of financing health financing strategies should be implemented, and public funding subsidy for the targeted group be enhanced. The overall efficiency of the health system should be improved through the positive purchasing.