从“掠夺之手”到“仁慈之手”--基于Kaldor模型对中国劳动收入份额“U”型演变的理论解释

From "Grabbing Hand" to "the Hand of Benevolence":Theoretical Explanation of the "U" Shaped Curve of Labor Income Share Based on the Kaldor Model

已有大量文献从实证角度给出了近年来中国劳动收入份额持续下降的论断,却鲜有文献用数理模型给出这种现象背后的理论解释。本文证明了包含"掠夺之手"的Kaldor分配模型的重要命题,并对国民收入分配中劳动收入份额的下降找到解决的思路与途径。由于扩展模型中有了政府可控制变量,本文提出了随着我国经济的发展,劳动收入份额可能呈现正"U"型曲线的论断,给出了劳动收入份额上升的条件,提出了防止国民收入分配差距拉大的政策建议。

Considerable literatures have reached a conclusion of declining share of labor income in recent years from an empirical perspective in China, but few literatures have given a theoretical analysis behind this phenomenon through a mathematical model. This paper proposed and proved creatively Kaldor distribution model with land rent, and found the approaches of solving that phenomenon. With a government controlled variable-rent-in extending Kaldor model, the paper proposed and proved the important proposition that the share of labor income would evolve positive ＂U＂ shaped curve as China＇ s economic development, and analyzed the conditions of the positive ＂U＂ shaping evolution of wage share in national income, and proposed the policy recommendations to prevent the income distribution gap widen. The author believes that the extending Kaldor model can analyze the relationships between economic growth and income distribution and the dynamic evolution of the income distribution in China. So it is significant especially for the government macro regulation policies.