2009-2010年漳平市鼠疫宿主动物监测结果分析

Analysis on surveillance of host animals of plague in Zhangping city from 2009 to 2010

目的了解漳平市鼠疫宿主动物及其寄生蚤类的种群构成和数量分布情况,为鼠疫防治工作提供科学依据。方法采用夹笼法。对捕获鼠类及捡获蚤类进行鉴定分类,计算鼠密度、鼠种构成、染蚤率、蚤指数。鼠血清用IHA法检测鼠疫F1抗体,鼠肝脾用RIHA法检测鼠疫F1抗原。结果捕获鼠形动物730只,隶属2目2科3属8种,啮齿目动物511只,食虫目动物219只。家栖鼠密度为3.51%,黄胸鼠密度为0.56%,野栖鼠密度为2.30%。730只鼠形动物中,染蚤鼠273只,捡获蚤1 002匹,染蚤率为37.40%,总蚤指数为1.42。鼠体表蚤经鉴定为印鼠客蚤、缓慢细蚤,黄胸鼠蚤指数为1.37,黄胸鼠印鼠客蚤指数为1.40.室内游离蚤指数为0.05;未查出鼠疫F1抗体及F1抗原。结论漳平市的主要鼠种为褐家鼠、黄胸鼠,主要蚤种为印鼠客蚤。未发现鼠间鼠疫流行迹象,但黄胸鼠密度及黄胸鼠印鼠客蚤指数均超出鼠疫控制标准,应引起高度重视。

Objective To understand the composition and distribution of the host animals of plague in Zhangping and provide scientific basis for prevention of plague.Method Use the clip cage method to identify and classify the species of rats and fleas.The rat density,rat composition,flea rat and flea index were also calculated with this method.Antibody of plague F1 were tested by IHA and plague F1 antigen of rat livers and spleens were detected by RIHA.Results A total of 730 myomorph were captured,including 511 rodents and 219 insectivoras,which belonged to 8 species,3 genus and 2 families.The density of house rats,rattus and wild rats were 3.51%,0.56%,and 2.30%,respectively.A total of 1002 fleas were caught from 273 rattus among 730 rodents.The flea rate was 37.40% and total flea index was 1.37.Fleas were identified for Xenopsylla cheopis and Leptopsylla segnis.The rattus flavipectus flea index was 2.06,and xenopsylla cheopis index was 1.40.Indoor free flea index was 0.05.The F1 antibody and antigen of plague was not found.Conclusions The major rodent species in Zhangping city were rattus norvegicus and rattus;The main flea species was xenopsylla.There was no signs of plague epidemic,but the rattus density and xenopsylla cheopis index were higher than standard,which should be paid more attention.