作物水分利用效率对温度和CO_2浓度升高的响应研究进展

Response of crop water use efficiency to elevated temperature and CO_2 concentration——A review

以大气CO2浓度和温度升高为主要标志的全球气候变化对作物水分利用效率产生重要影响,作物水分利用效率对CO2浓度和温度升高的响应特征与机理研究,对揭示气候变化对作物生长的影响及其机制具有重要作用和意义。本文分别介绍了作物水分利用效率对CO2浓度和温度升高的响应研究进展,CO2浓度和温度升高对作物水分利用效率的协同效应,以及CO2浓度与温度升高对作物水分利用效率影响的实验研究方法,并提出了作物水分利用效率对CO2浓度和温度升高响应研究仍需要解决的几个关键问题:①多因子协同效应;②不同品种的响应差异;③不同尺度水平的响应过程;④作物水分利用效率对气候变化的适应性。

Global climate change, with elevated CO2 concentration and temperature rise as the two major indica- tors, has great impact on crop water use efficiency. Study of the characteristic and mechanism of the response of crop water use efficiency to elevated CO2 concentration and temperature rise is of great significance to revealing the mechanism of how climate change impacts crop production. This paper presents the research progress on the responses of crop water use efficiency to elevated CO2 concentration and temperature rise, the synergistic effect of elevated CO： concentration and temperature rise, and methods of the research. In addition, this paper points out the key issues that need to be resolved in the future, including： （1） synergistic effect of multi-factors, （2） dif- ferences in the responses of different species, （3） response processes at different levels of scale, and （4） adapt- ability of crop water use efficiency to climate change.