户籍制度与农民工就业歧视辨析

On the Analysis of the Household Registration System and Discrimination in Employment of Migrant Workers

农民工就业歧视是农民工就业过程中一个不可回避的问题。户籍制度多年来一直被学者们认为是影响农民工就业歧视形成的一个主要原因。本文通过社会调查和研究发现,户籍制度在不同时期对农民工就业歧视的影响并不相同。在农民工就业歧视形成之初,户籍制度对农民工城市就业起到直接的身份歧视作用,而市场经济体制确立以来,尤其是全国劳动力市场建立以后,户籍制度对农民工就业歧视的影响正慢慢被市场化机制所消解。

Discrimination is an unavoidable problem in the course of the employment of migrant workers. Household registration system has been considered an important reason of discrimination in employment of migrant workers by scholars over the years. In this paper, through social surveys we found that the household registration system has different impact on discrimination in employment of migrant workers in different periods. In the beginning, the household registration system play a direct identity discrimination role for migrant workers to get a job in urban. After the establishing of the market economic system, especially after the set up of the national labor market, household discrimination in employment of migrant workers is slowly eliminated by the market mechanism.