英美法系事实自证规则的构成要件研究

Research on the Constitutive Elements of Res Ipsa Loquitur in the Anglo-American Law System

事实自证规则是英美法系过失侵权中的一项特殊的证据规则,该规则允许原告通过案件的整个过程就能够证明被告的行为具有过失。适用事实自证规则必须满足积极的构成要件与消极的构成要件两种。我国法律体系中引入此规则具有一定的可行性与必要性,因此在处理过失侵权案件方面可以借鉴此规则。

As a rule of evidence of negligence tort in the common law, the doctrine of Res Ipsa Loquitur allows the plaintiff to prove the defendant＇s act negligence simply by the whole event causing the damage. Application of Res Ipsa Loquitur rules must meet the positive elements and negative elements. It is feasible and necessary to introduce this rule in our legal system. So we can draw the rule in dealing with cases of negligence tort.