农村育龄妇女生殖生育状况的出生队列分析

Birth Cohort Analysis on Reproduction and Fertility of Fertile Women of Different Ages

用出生队列分析研究农村育龄妇女生殖生育状况的年代变化。结果显示随着出生年代渐晚 ,妇女月经初潮年龄逐渐提前 ,而绝经年龄则推迟 ;平均生育次数减少 ,生育间隔缩短 ;五岁以下儿童死亡数及其占活产的比例下降 ;节育率上升。但目前我国农村未婚先孕、先育仍相当普遍 ,多胎现象未被杜绝 ;同时妇女是节育任务的主要承担者 ,绝育是主要节育措施。提示对农村进一步加强计划生育宣传工作 ,更深入地研究安全可靠。

To study the ages change of reproduction and fertility of fertile women.Method Birth cohort analysis.Results Girls have earlier age at menarhe,woman have later age at menopause,birth spacing is getting shorter,the average times of pregnant and live birth,the death number of children under five years and its proportion to live birth is reducing,the birth control rate is rising as birth ages go on.But pregnancy and birth prior marriage is still popular,more live birth is not stopped in rural areas;Simultaneously,Women are mainly responsible for birth control,sterilization is the most frequently used contraceptive method.Conclusions The above results reflect the significant achievements in social and economic development,living standard,woman and child care,family planning in recent decades in rural areas of our country.However it is necessary to reinforce propaganda of family planning in rural areas and further study safe,effective and viable contraceptive methods.