下颌支矢状劈开术与下颌管位置关系的应用解剖学研究

The applied anatomy of mandibular canal position related with sagittal split ramus osteotomy.

目的 :研究下颌管在下颌骨内的重要行径和位置关系。方法 :选用带软组织 5 0具完整的头颈标本 ,分别在下颌第三磨牙后缘的垂直线、磨牙后三角尖至下颌角连线呈额状位锯开下颌骨 ,观察下颌管的解剖。结果 :下颌管是下颌骨的骨松质内形成较薄的骨密质骨管。下颌管在下颌骨第三磨牙后缘切面的位置靠内侧型占 90 % ,中间型占 10 % ;在连线切面的位置靠内侧型占 84% ,中间型占 16 %。结论 :了解下颌管在下颌骨内的重要毗邻关系 ,可以减少因下牙槽神经损伤造成口裂以下粘膜和皮肤的感觉障碍。

Objective:To sudy the route and position of mandibular tube in mandibular bone.Methods:Collected 50 skulls with soft tissue and sawed the mandibule according with a vertical line from the posterior margin of the 3rd molar tooth, and a line from the posterior triangle apex of molar teeth to mandibular angle,and mandibular canal was examined. Results: Mandibular canal was formed by a thin layer of compact bone in spongy bone of mandibular bone. 90% of the tube was found to be near the medial side of the bone, 10% was in central point when the bone was sawed with the vertical line; 84% was near the meical side and 16% was in central point when the bone was sawed with the connective line. Conclusion:understanding the position of mandibular canal in the bone is able to decrease damage to the inferior alveolar nerve.