中国恶性肿瘤城乡发病差异分析

An Analysis on Difference of Cancer Incidence Between Urban and Rural Areas in China,2009

[目的]分析中国恶性肿瘤的城乡发病差异情况。[方法]利用2009年中国31个城市登记地区和41个农村登记地区的恶性肿瘤发病数据以及相应的人口数据,并运用负二项回归模型校正年龄因素后,分析恶性肿瘤的城乡发病差异。[结果]2009年中国城市地区发病率为303.39/10万,中标率为150.31/10万,世标率为195.74/10万;农村地区发病率为249.98/10万,中标率为139.68/10万,世标率为182.88/10万。城市地区发病率明显高于农村的主要有结直肠癌、肾癌、膀胱癌、甲状腺癌、淋巴瘤、前列腺癌、女性的乳腺癌和卵巢癌;农村地区高于城市地区的主要为食管癌、胃癌和肝癌。[结论]中国城乡地区主要恶性肿瘤发病存在明显差异,应根据城乡实际情况有重点地开展肿瘤防治工作。

[ Purpose ] To analyze the difference of cancer incidence between urban and rural areas in China.[Methods] Using the cancer cases data of 31 urban registries,41 rural regislxies and the population data in China,the urban-rural difference of cancer incidence was analyzed by negative binomial regression model adjusted for age. [Results] The crude incidence ,China agestandardized incidence （ASR China） and World age-standardized incidence （ASR World） of urban area in China were 303.39/10^5, 150.31/10^5 and 195.74/10^5,respectively. The crude incidence,ASR China and ASR World of rural area in China is 249.98/10^5,139.68/10^5 and 182.88/10^5 respectively. A large urban excess of selected cancer was observed for coloreetal,kidney,bladder,thyroid gland,lymphoma,prostate,breast （female） and ovary. A large rural excess of selected cancer was observed for esophagus,stomach and liver.[Conclusion] The pattern of cancer ineidenee is significantly different between urban and rural areas ,so we should focus on certain areas in the prevention and control of cancer aceording to the actual urban-rural conditions.