论目的主义的制定法解释方法——以美国法律过程学派的目的主义版本为中心的分析

The Purposive Statutory Interpretation:Focusing on the Version of Legal Process School

目的主义在美国主要指法律过程学派的哈特和萨克斯所提出的制定法解释理论。该理论反对传统制定法解释中的意义论和意图论,强调目的在制定法解释中的优先地位及解释者对制定法目的的建构,要求以能最佳实现目的的方式来确定制定法文本的意义,并对解释施加文本规约意义和"清楚陈述的既定政策"的限制。目的主义的吸引力在于既赋予解释者更新、发展制定法的任务,以合作者的姿态参与公共政策的生产过程,又竭力避免非民选的司法机关作出争议性的价值判断和政策选择。

Purposivism is the legal process approach to statutory interpretation which put forward by Henry Hart and Albert Sacks, which criticized the traditional meaning theory and intentionalism in statutory interpretation, emphasized statute＇s purpose＇s principal position and its attribution by the interpreter, required interpreter to make statute＇s meaning certain in a way that would carry out the purpose fit for it best can and exerted restrictions of conventional meaning and established policy of clear statement on interpreter. Purposivism is attractive because it allows the interpreter to assume the task of up- dating and developing statutes, participating in the process of public policy production as a cooperator, but without making controversial value judgments and policy choices by the non - elected deciding courts.