不同体位固定方法在患儿肌内注射中的效果比较

Effect of two posture fixing in pediatric muscle injection

目的探讨患儿肌内注射时降低划破皮肤率、皮下硬结率、针头脱出率、皮下淤血率、药液溢出率的体位固定方法，以预防并减少意外损伤及并发症的发生。方法将800例接受肌内注射的患儿按随机数字表法随机分成观察组和对照组各400例，观察组采用直立拥抱式体位固定，对照组采用侧卧式体位固定。比较两组患儿肌内注射时划破皮肤率、皮下硬结率、针头脱出率、皮下淤血率、药液溢出率。结果观察组患儿划破皮肤2例，皮下硬结0例，针头脱出1例，皮下淤血2例，药液溢出1例；对照组患儿划破皮肤11例，皮下硬结7例，针头脱出9例，皮下淤血11例，药液溢出9例；两组比较，差异有统计学意义（X2分别为5．811，5．905，5．712，5．811，5．712；P〈0．05）。结论患儿肌内注射时直立拥抱式固定法效果优于传统侧卧式固定法。

Objective To discuss the posture of fixing method to reduce the rate of amyxis, subcutaneous scleroma, olisthy needles, subcutaneous passive congestion and spill solution in pediatric muscle injection, so as to prevent and reduce accident injuries and complications. Methods Totals of 800 children within the age of 1 to 7 were randomly, divided into the experimental group and the control group, each with 400 cases. The experimental group used embracing posture fixing while the control group used lateral recumbent posture fixing. Two groups＇ rates of amyxis, subcutaneous scleroma, olisthy needles, subcutaneous passive congestion and spill solution were compared. Results There were 2 cases of amyxis, 0 cases of subcutaneous scleroma, 1 case of olisthy needles, 2 cases of subcutaneous passive congestion and 1 case of spill solution in the experimental group, while there were 11 cases of amyxis, 7 cases of subcutaneous scleroma, 9 cases of olisthy needles, 11 cases of subcutaneous passive congestion and 9 cases of spill solution in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant （X2 = 5.811,5. 905,5.712,5.811,5.712, respectively; P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions Embracing posture has better fixing effect than traditional lateral recumbent posture in pediatric muscle injection.