药物缓释载体负载药物方法的研究

Study on methods of drug loading into delivery carriers

药物经过合适的载体负载后,不仅能够达到缓释的目的,还能够改变药物的给药方式,以此减少给药次数,降低药物不良反应,提高药物的生物利用度。如何将药物负载到载体材料上并达到较高的载药量和包封率是决定缓释效果的关键因素之一。根据载体材料结构和药物特性选择合适的负载方法可获得具有良好缓释效果的药物缓释系统。本文回顾了药物缓释载体负载药物的几种常用方法 :喷雾干燥法、乳化溶剂挥发法、自乳化溶剂扩散法、相分离法、溶液吸附法、直接填充法和化学结合等。现就药物缓释载体材料与药物的物理结合和化学结合两种方法作一综述。

Loading of drugs into appropriate delivery carrier material can not only improve their sustained and controlled release property but also alter route of administration, which prolongs dosing interval, reduces adverse reaction and improves biological availability. How to load drug into drug delivery carrier material and reach high drug loading capacity and encapsulation rate is critical for determining efficacy of drug sustained release. Selecting appropriate drug loading method based on the structure of delivery carrier material and properties of drugs can obtain a drug delivery system with good sustained release efficacy. This article presents a general summary of several common loading methods of drugs into delivery material, including spray drying method, emulsion solvent evaporation method, spontar^eous emulsion solvent diffusion method, phase separation method, solution absorption method, direct filling method, chemical combination, and so on. Now the methods of combining drugs with drug delivery carrier material by physical combination and chemical combination are reviewed.