颞下颌关节强直患者的X线头影测量分析

Cephalometric Analysis on Patients with TMJ Ankylosis in Different Ages

目的 随着颞下颌关节强直发病年龄和病程的不同 ,其对颅颌面软硬组织发育造成的影响也不同。该研究旨在明确各年龄组患者头影测量特征和发病年龄、病程对颅颌面软硬组织的影响。方法 46例男性颞下颌关节强直患者和相应年龄的正常对照者进行头影测量分析 ,按发病年龄、病程分组以SPSSWIN统计软件进行统计分析。结果 各组患者与相应对照组正常人相比颌骨向后上方向缩进 ,舌骨朝后下方向移位 ,中下咽腔明显狭窄 ;患者舌和软腭占口咽腔面积比 (TSA/OPA)显著提高。患者舌骨距下颌平面距离与病程显著相关 (r=0 .46 ,P =0 .0 0 9;回归方程 :Y =1.5 8+ 0 .5 6X)。患者患病时间与TSA/OPA呈显著正相关 (r=0 .5 ,P =0 .0 0 ;回归方程 :Y =72 .76 + 0 .6 4X)。结论 颞下颌关节强直伴阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征 (OSAS)患者头影测量特征表现为颌骨向后上方向缩进 ,舌骨朝后下方向移位 ,患者中下咽腔明显狭窄。患病时间越长 。

Objective To determine the cephalometric characteristics of the patients with TMJ ankylosis in deferent ages and to find the relationship between the period with TMJ and the cephalometric characteristics. Methods By cephalometric analysis of 46 male patients with TMJ ankylosis and several normal people in deferent ages, we detected the relationship among the ages of the patients, the period with TMJ ankylosis and the cephalometric characteristics by means of SPSS for Win 95/98. Results The cephalometric characteristics of the patients showed their maxilla and mandible retruded in posterior and superior direction, the hyoid bone displaced posteriorly and inferiorly.The middle and inferior pharygeal space decreased , the TSA/OPA increased significantly. There was an obvious positive correlation between the period with TMJ and hyoid bone position( r=0.46, p=0.009; Y=1.58+0.56X), and remarkable positive correlation between the period with TMJ and TSA/OPA( r=0.5, p=0.00 ;Y=72.76+0.64X).Conclusion In patients with TMJ ankylosis, the mandible and maxilla retruded posteriorly and superiorly ,the hyoid bone displaced posteriorly and inferiorly, the middle and inferior pharygeal space decreased, the TSA/OPA increased remarkably. The longer the period with TMJ ankylosis, the more serious the deformities of the patients in craniomaxillofacial region. [