中资石油企业投资伊拉克的机遇与挑战

Opportunities and Challenges of Investing in Iraq for Chinese Oil Enterprises

伊拉克曾宣布,其探明石油储量已上升至1431×108bbl,政府计划投入巨额资金加快石油工业建设,这无疑将为国际石油公司带来更多的合作开发机会。伊拉克政府已举行了四轮油气招标活动,并与国际石油公司签订了一大批油气合作项目,正在准备进行新一轮招标。同时,伊拉克天然气市场前景广阔,目前其油田伴生气、天然气大量放空燃烧,不仅浪费能源,也不利于环境保护。伊政府正计划投入大笔资金用于炼油、石油化工、管道工程等领域的开发,工程建设与技术服务市场也蕴藏着巨大潜力。然而伊拉克石油市场也存在着风险和挑战,主要包括政治风险、经济风险、安全风险、政策法律风险及社会风险。但即使如此,外国石油公司在伊投资还是相对安全的,投资回收基本可以保证。中国石油企业在伊首先要积极防范安全风险,进一步加强项目风险分析,有选择地参与油气田合作项目和石油化工项目,同时积极参与相应的基础设施和公共服务项目建设,努力推动伊拉克石油工业实现良性发展。

Iraq has announced that its proven oil reserves have amounted to 1431×10^8 barrels.The Iraqi gov- ernment is planning to invest vast funds to expedite the construction of oil infrastructures.This will no doubt bring international oil companies more opportunities to invest in the country＇s petroleum industry.The Iraqi government has launched four international bidding rounds for oil and gas and has concluded quite a few oil and gas projects with international oil companies.It is preparing for a new bidding round.In the meantime,I- raq enjoys a bright outlook for its natural gas market.Most of the associated gas and natural gas produced from its oilfields as byproducts are being flared ,resulting in a waste of energy as well as pollution to the environment.The Iraqi government is planning to invest huge amounts of funds in developing refining,petro- chemical and pipeline facilities.Enormous potential is also present in the country＇s engineering,construction and technical services markets.However,risks and challenges are also present in the petroleum market in I- raq,which mainly include political,economic,security,legal and policy and social risks.Despite these risks,in- vestment in Iraq is still relatively safe and capital recovery can be ensured.Chinese oil enterprises are ad- vised to give priority to prevention of security risks, strengthen the analysis of project risks, selectively partici- pate in oil and gas cooperative projects,and to actively take part in projects in relation to fundamental and public services infrastructures to promote the Iraqi oil and gas industry to grow in a sustainable way.