历史展示与文化阐释——美国历史住宅博物馆相关问题探讨

Historic Presentations and Cultural Interpretations: A Study on American Historic House Museums

美国的历史住宅博物馆主要是由曾作为居所的历史建筑改建而成的一类博物馆,也是历史建筑保护和展示的方式之一。博物馆通过复原室内历史场景,让观众体验和了解历史;以物质文化来解读历史,其展示内容受到社会发展的影响,也试图通过对历史的表述来影响人们的观念。关于展示内容"真实性"的讨论,又涉及了博物馆实务与展览理念。同时,美国这些故居旧宅改建的博物馆对我国的建筑遗产保护实践亦有借鉴意义。

A historic house museum, one of the major museum types in the United States, refers to a dwelling place that has been transformed into a museum. It provides one approach to protect and present historic architectures. The museum engages visitors to the past by restoring historic interiors. It tells stories with material culture. While the presentation in the museum is influenced by social development, it also attempts to influence people by interpreting history. The most discussed on historic house museums is the authenticity, which involves museum practices and exhibition theories. The historic house museums in the United States may provide reference for the conservation of architectural heritage in China.