日语中的“异形词”现状分析

Analysis on the Current Situation of Japanese Heterographs

日语中存在大量的汉字异形词,异形词的存在无疑是人们学习中的负担,是汉字规范的内容之一。通过考查词典中的异形词数量,分析异形词的表现形式和人们日常生活中的使用情况,发现日语中大量异形词的产生与日语对古汉语用字的借用有很大关系。同时,由于常用汉字表的汉字使用限制,异形词在用字上正逐步走向规范,但仍有个别混用或误用的现象,日语异形词的现状分析也能为其进一步规范提供现实依据。

There are a great number of Chinese heterographs in Japanese, which is a burden for the Chinese learners. Though observing the quantity of heterographs in dictionaries and analyzing their using forms and actual use in daily life, the author discussed the current situation of Japanese homographs in this paper and found out that the formation of these heterographs has much to do with the borrowing of Japanese language from ancient Chinese characters. Despite the restriction of common-used normalized Chinese characters list, there are mix-used and misused in Japanese heterographs. This study can provide a practical basis for further normalizing the usage of Japanese heterographs.