异化理论的认同与艺术、宗教的融合——С.Н.布尔加科夫对马克思主义学说的早期理论探索

Identification of Alienation Theory and the Fusion of Art and Religion——C.H.Bulgakov’s Early Exploration into Marxist Theory

基于世纪之交俄国社会所面临的深层精神与现实危机,布尔加科夫力图通过理论探索为俄国寻求一条独特的现代化出路。在对现代化出路的早期理论探索过程中,布尔加科夫在马克思主义学说中发现了真理,发现了克服时代性危机的可能出路。但基于对俄国现实与马克思主义学说的总体定位与认知,布尔加科夫认为,只有将俄国自身文化传统与马克思主义相结合才能克服这一危机,力图通过"基督教社会主义"理论体系的建构来消除时代性危机、消除异化,进而最终实现人的自由与解放。

At the turn of the century, Russian society is confronted with deep level of spiritual and realistic crisis, and Bulgakov tries to find a unique way of modernization for Russia through the ex- ploration into theory. In this process, Bulgakov finds truth in Marxist Theory and the possible way to overcome this contemporary crisis. But based on the general orientation and cognition of Russian real- ity and Marxist Theory, Bulgakov constructs the theoretical system of ＂Christian Socialism＂, through which he tries to eliminate contemporary crisis and alienation so as to realize the freedom and libera- tion of man.