临床用药致儿童不良反应相关性分析

Correlation Analysis of Adverse Reaction Caused by Clinical Medication in Children

目的探讨儿童应用药物引起的不良反应,为减少儿童药物不良反应的发生及临床安全用药提供参考。方法采用回顾性分析研究,对2010年3月至2011年12月上报的68例药物不良反应按药物种类、给药途径、引起不良反应的临床表现进行统计分析。结果引起不良反应共涉及39个药物品种,其中抗菌药物21种,占药物品种的53.8%,居首位;儿童药物不良反应(ADR)的临床表现主要以消化系统症状(41.2%)为主,皮肤及其附件(25.0%)次之。结论 ADR的发生率与多种因素有关,其中抗菌药物不良反应占首位,需加强对抗菌药物不良反应的监测,保障儿童安全合理用药,同时提高儿科医护人员识别ADR的能力,减少儿童ADR的发生。

Objective To explore the adverse drug reaction（ADR） in children,thus providing reference for clinical safe medication and reduction of the ADR in children.Methods 68 ADR cases reported from March 2010 to December 2011 were analyzed using retrospective study method according to the classes of drugs,administration route and clinical manifestations of the ADR.Results Adverse reaction caused by clinical medication involving 39 classes of drugs,including 21 antibiotics accounting for 53.8% of the total drugs;clinical manifestations of children′s ADR were mainly the digestive system symptoms（41.2%）,followed by skin and accessories（25.0%）.Conclusion The incidence of ADR is relevant to many factors,and antibiotics account for the first place,therefore the monitoring of the ADR of antibiotics should be strengthened and the safety and rational medication in children should be ensured;meanwhile,the capacity of discernment of ADR of pediatricians should be improved so as to reduce the occurrence of the ADR in children.