腓肠神经及其两根应用解剖学

Applied anatomy of the sural nerve and its roots

目的：观测国人腓肠神经及其两根,为临床腓肠神经及其两根的移植提供依据。方法：利用直尺、卷尺及游标卡尺对腓肠神经根部位置、腓肠神经及其两根的长、宽进行测量,对腓肠神经分型进行观测统计。结果：腓肠神经分为吻合型（77.5%）和非吻合型（22.5%）,左、右侧腓肠神经长度分别为（13.80＆plusmn;2.43）cm、 （14.23＆plusmn;1.67）cm,合计为（14.02＆plusmn;2.07）cm；腓肠神经宽度起点（3.22＆plusmn;0.24）mm、中点（2.77＆plusmn;0.23）mm、外踝最高点（2.42＆plusmn;0.22）mm；腓肠内侧皮神经长度为（26.68＆plusmn;7.47）cm,腓肠外侧皮神经长度为（25.16＆plusmn;9.17）cm,腓肠内侧皮神经宽度为（2.49＆plusmn;0.62）mm,腓肠外侧皮神经宽度为（2.51＆plusmn;0.63）mm。结论：国人腓肠神经及其分型存在个体差异,临床选择神经移植体时应充分考虑这一特点。

Objective： To provide basis for the transplantation of the sural nerve and its roots. Methods： The position of the sural nerve roots was localized, and the length and width of the sural nerve and its roots were measured using the ruler, tapeline and vernier calipers. The types of the sural nerve were observed and calculated statistically. Results： The sural nerve was divided into an anastomosing type （77. 5 %） and non-anastomosing type （22.5%）. The length of the sural nerve on the left was （13.80± 2. 43） em, and on the right was （14.23 ±1.67） cm, with an average length of （14.02 ± 2.07）cm. The width at the starting point was （3.22 ± 0.24） ram, （2.77± 0.23） mm at the midpoint, （2.42 ± 0. 22） mm at the highest point of lateral malleolus. The length of the medial sural cutaneous nerve was （26.68 ± 7.47） cm, the length of the cutaneous surae lateralis nerve was （25.16±9.17） era, the width of medial sural cutaneous nerve was （2. 49±0. 62）mm, and the width of lateral sural cutaneous nerve was （2. 51 ±0. 63） mm. Conclusion： The individual difference of the sural nerve should be considered in clinical transplantation.