尘肺支气管肺泡灌洗治疗中改良麻醉方法的效果

Study on modified anesthesia in the bronchoalveolar lavage of pneumoconiosis

目的观察支气管肺泡灌洗术中改良麻醉方法的麻醉效果。方法随机将118例行支气管肺泡灌洗患者分为常规组和改良组。常规组：常规麻醉术前肌肉注射安定10mg；改良组：术前肌肉注射哌喵啶50mg，静脉推注生理盐水2ml、地塞米松10mg、麻黄碱5mg，观察患者的麻醉效果、满意度及每次灌洗量。结果改良组麻醉效果的有效率及满意度均为100％，常规组麻醉效果的有效率及满意度分别为82．76％,76．2％，改良组麻醉效果及满意度明显于常规麻醉组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。改良组每次灌洗总量为（1550．3±74．5）ml，常规组为（280．8±35．2）ml，改良组每次灌洗总量明显高于常规组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论术前用哌嗒啶、地塞米松联合麻黄碱可提高支气管肺泡灌洗患者的满意度，患者痛苦少，增大每次灌洗量，值得临床推广应用。

Objective To observe the anesthetic effect of modified anesthesia in the bronchoalveolar lavage. Method 118 cases randomly fell in two groups： traditional group： intramuscular injection of 10 mg diazepam prior to routine anesthesia; modified group： preoperative intramuscular injection of 50 mg dolantin, and venous injection of 2 ml physiological saline, 10 mg dexamethasone, 5 mg ephedrine; observe the anesthetic effect, satisfaction and tlavage quantity in patients. Results The excellence rate and satisfaction of anesthetic effect are both 100% in modified group while 82.76% and 76.2% in the tradition group. The result indicates the excellence rate and satisfaction of anesthetic effect in modified group are better than the traditional group with a significant difference （P〈0.05）; the lavage quantity in the modified group is significantly higher than that in the traditional group with a significant difference （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Dolantin, dexamethasone and ephedrine preoperatively used with a good anesthetic effect can improve the cooperation of patients in bronchoalveolar lavage with less pain and increased lavage quantity, thereby worthy of clinical application.