骨髓间充质干细胞促进胰岛再生的作用与研究现状

Research progress in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for promotion of islet regeneration

背景:研究发现,骨髓间充质干细胞移植入糖尿病大鼠后能够降低其血糖。目的:综述骨髓间充质干细胞在促进胰岛再生方面的作用与研究现状。方法:应用计算机检索2003年7月至2011年12月PubMed数据库相关文章,检索词为"bone marrow derive mesenchymal stem cell,islet cells",并限定文章语言种类为English。同时计算机检索2003年7月至2011年12月万方数据库相关文章,检索词为"骨髓间充质干细胞,胰岛细胞",并限定文章语言种类为中文。最终纳入符合标准的文献25篇。结果与结论:目前,移植胰岛治疗糖尿病已取得良好疗效,但由于胰岛来源匮乏和异种或异体来源的胰岛引起免疫排斥反应而难以使众多糖尿患者受益。骨髓间充质干细胞取材方便,容易进行体外分离、培养和纯化,且具有多向分化潜能。若将骨髓间充质干细胞诱导分化为胰岛细胞,可望解决胰岛细胞来源和免疫排斥问题。文章对骨髓间充质干细胞分化为胰岛细胞治疗糖尿病的研究进展进行综述,并指出了存在问题和今后的研究方向。

BACKGROUND： Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplanted into diabetes mellitus rats can decrease glucose level.OBJECTIVE： To summarize the research progress in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for promotion of islet regeneration.METHODS： A computer-based online retrieval of PubMed and Wanfang databases was performed to search papers published during July 2003 to December 2011 with the key words bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, islet cells in English and Chinese. Twenty-five papers were included in the final analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： At present, transplantation of islets has made great advance in treatment of diabetes mellitus. Many patients with diabetes mellitus hardly benefit from islet transplantation because of limited islet origins and the immunological rejections of heterogenous or xenogenous islets. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are characterized by easy to operate, easy in vitro isolation, culture and purification, and multipotential differentiation. Islets induce-differentiated by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are expected to solve islet-related problems of the limited origin and immunological rejections. This paper summarizes the research progress in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of diabetes mellitus and points out the existing problems and further study direction.