伽达默尔游戏理论对教育游戏的启示——兼论游戏与教育如何实现有效融合

The Enlightenment on Education Game of Gadamer 's Game Theory—— Discussion on the Integration between Game and Education

游戏与教育如何融合一直是教育游戏研究的重要命题。教育游戏研究不仅应该根据教育理论,而且需要参考游戏理论。传统游戏理论过于强调游戏者的主体性,具有哲学上的主客二分的问题。而伽达默尔游戏理论突破了近代认识论模式的束缚,侧重于游戏与游戏者的统一,对教育游戏研究具有重要启示。根据伽达默尔的游戏理论,教育游戏的真实主体是游戏自身,存在方式为自我表现,意义产生需要观者在场参与。因此,教育游戏应该将娱乐性与严肃性紧密结合,引导学习者融入游戏;使游戏规则与自由保持张力,优化学习者的游戏过程;注重观看与参与相互渗透,促使学习者获得意义。

The integration between game and education has been the important proposition in educational game research. The educational game research should not only base itself on educational theories, but also should refer to game theories. The traditional game theories overemphasize on the subjectivity of players, which have the issue of subject- object dichotomy in terms of philosophy. Gadamer＇s game theory breaks through the manacles of epistemology mode and focuses on the unification of games and players, which has important enlightenment on educational game research. It is shown in Gadamer＇s game theory that the real subject of educational games is themselves, their existing mode is self-expression and meaning comes from the participation of viewers. Therefore, educational games should be both entertaining and serious, guiding the learners into the game; tension should be maintained between game rules and freedom; the learning process should be optimized; stress should be laid on the mutual infiltration between observation and involvement in games for motivating learners to acquire meanings.