小工业社区职业卫生服务模式研究

Research on Occupational Health Service Model Adopted in Small scale Industries

了解小工业职业卫生服务需求 ,建立小工业职业卫生服务优化模式。 [方法 ]选择上海桃浦地区2 0 1家小工业为试点 ,在横断面调查和抽样调查的基础上 ,分析小工业职业卫生现状和服务需求 ,建立和试运行小工业职业卫生社区服务模式。 [结果 ]社区服务模式由一系列要素构成 ,从组织结构、管理机制、多部门参与、服务对象、服务方式、服务内容 ,到规划的设计和实施、预定目标和指标的确定 ,直至补偿机制的建立和服务模式的全程评价等。 [结论 ]通过社区服务模式的试运行及初步评估表明 ,本文提出的服务模式是一个比较科学的、规范的、合理的小工业职业卫生服务模式 ,并具有可持续发展性。特别在目前小工业经济基础较为薄弱的情况下 ,是迅速提高小工业职业卫生服务水平 ,减少工人后顾之忧 ,保持就业稳定 ,提高工作效率的一个较好途径。

Objective] To understand the requirements of small scale industries occupational health services and suggest optimized models accordingly. [Method] 201 small scale industry enterprises in Shanghai Taopu vicinity are chosen as experimental units. Based on entireness and sampling survey,we have fully understood the current situation and requirements of small scale industries occupational health services. We gradually set up the occupational health service model of small scale industries and consequently put it into execution. [Results] The service model consists of a series of factors:organizational structure,management system,joint efforts of small scale industries,service object,service manner,service content,programming design and execution,target setting up and confirmation,establishment of compensation system,and evaluation of the whole process. [Conclusion] To further occupational health service via community is a cost effective and comprehensive solution. Especially for the small scale industries of unsubstantial foundation,it is also an ideal way to elevate occupational health service level,lessen workers’ life concern,keep stable employment ratio and elevate working efficiency. Thus the model presented in this paper is a scientific,normative and reasonable way to further mini industry occupational health service. It is also promising in a long term sustainable development.